Friday, November 28, 2014

Black Hole Friday


In this artist’s illustration, turbulent winds of gas swirl around a black hole. Some of the gas is spiraling inward toward the black hole, but another part is blown away.

A black hole is a place in space where gravity pulls so much that even light can not get out. The gravity is so strong because matter has been squeezed into a tiny space. This can happen when a star is dying.


Because no light can get out, people can’t see black holes. They are invisible. Space telescopes with special tools can help find black holes. The special tools can see how stars that are very close to black holes act differently than other stars.


How Big Are Black Holes?

Black holes can be big or small. Scientists think the smallest black holes are as small as just one atom. These black holes are very tiny but have the mass of a large mountain. Mass is the amount of matter, or “stuff,” in an object.


More information on black holes.


Artwork Credit: NASA, and M. Weiss (Chandra X -ray Center) via NASA http://ift.tt/1xZVGT3










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Factbox-Modi’s Reform Agenda to Revive Economic Growth in India by REUTERS



By REUTERS


India’s economy lost momentum in the first three months of Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s government, amplifying industry calls for faster and deeper economic reform.


Published: November 28, 2014 at 03:39AM


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Thursday, November 27, 2014

Pollution and Politics by PAUL KRUGMAN



By PAUL KRUGMAN


Like Obamacare, Republicans went on the attack over the E.P.A.’s proposed regulations to curb emissions of ozone. And we know why.


Published: November 27, 2014 at 07:00PM


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Wednesday, November 26, 2014

China Hit by Second Deadly Mine Blast in 2 Days by THE ASSOCIATED PRESS



By THE ASSOCIATED PRESS


At least 11 people were killed Thursday in the second deadly coal mine accident to hit China in two days, pointing to continuing safety issues in the industry despite a major decline in deaths among miners in recent years.


Published: November 26, 2014 at 07:14PM


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International Space Station’s 3-D Printer


The International Space Station’s 3-D printer has manufactured the first 3-D printed object in space, paving the way to future long-term space expeditions. The object, a printhead faceplate, is engraved with names of the organizations that collaborated on this space station technology demonstration: NASA and Made In Space, Inc., the space manufacturing company that worked with NASA to design, build and test the 3-D printer.

This image of the printer, with the Microgravity Science Glovebox Engineering Unit in the background, was taken in April 2014 during flight certification and acceptance testing at NASA’s Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Alabama, prior to its launch to the station aboard a SpaceX commercial resupply mission. The first objects built in space will be returned to Earth in 2015 for detailed analysis and comparison to the identical ground control samples made on the flight printer prior to launch. The goal of this analysis is to verify that the 3-D printing process works the same in microgravity as it does on Earth.


The printer works by extruding heated plastic, which then builds layer upon layer to create three-dimensional objects. Testing this on the station is the first step toward creating a working “machine shop” in space. This capability may decrease cost and risk on the station, which will be critical when space explorers venture far from Earth and will create an on-demand supply chain for needed tools and parts. Long-term missions would benefit greatly from onboard manufacturing capabilities. Data and experience gathered in this demonstration will improve future 3-D manufacturing technology and equipment for the space program, allowing a greater degree of autonomy and flexibility for astronauts.


Image Credit: NASA/Emmett Given via NASA http://ift.tt/1rkkxQS










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The Mine Disaster That Shook Turkey by SUZY HANSEN



By SUZY HANSEN


A mine fire in May killed 301 men, making it the worst industrial disaster in Turkish history. This is the story of two men who lived through it.


Published: November 29, 2014 at 07:00PM


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Tuesday, November 25, 2014

China: Coal Miners Die in Fire by THE ASSOCIATED PRESS



By THE ASSOCIATED PRESS


A fire that followed underground tremors tore through a coal mine in northeastern China early Wednesday, killing 24 miners, the Chinese state news media reported.


Published: November 25, 2014 at 07:00PM


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China State Media Says 24 Coal Miners Die in Fire by THE ASSOCIATED PRESS



By THE ASSOCIATED PRESS


A fire sparked by underground tremors tore through a coal mine in northeastern China early Wednesday, killing 24 miners, Chinese state reported.


Published: November 25, 2014 at 03:17PM


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Monday, November 24, 2014

Morning Agenda: Challenges for the Fed by SYDNEY EMBER



By SYDNEY EMBER


Last week was a rough one for the Federal Reserve. | Paul J. Taubman continues to poach talent from Morgan Stanley, his former employer. | Mathew Martoma has started his nine-year prison term for insider trading.


Published: November 24, 2014 at 03:05AM


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Election Was Rough for Democrats. It Was Worse for West Virginia Democrats. by DEREK WILLIS



By DEREK WILLIS


The switch started years ago, and now West Virginia seems to have completed the journey from being a Democratic-dominated state to a Republican one.


Published: November 24, 2014 at 07:00PM


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Coal Plant Closures Would Hurt German Industry-BDI by REUTERS



By REUTERS


Shutting more German coal-fired power plants to meet ambitious climate goals would damage industry and cost jobs without helping the environment, the BDI federation of industries said on Monday.


Published: November 24, 2014 at 12:54AM


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Friday, November 21, 2014

Modi Picks Up Pace on Economic Reform, Opposition Remains by REUTERS



By REUTERS


India’s Prime Minister Narendra Modi is increasing his focus on economic reforms including raising the cap on foreign investment in the insurance sector and changes to tax and labour rules that could accelerate recovery, but he faces stiff…


Published: November 21, 2014 at 12:00AM


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Modi Picks Up Pace on Economic Reform, Opposition Remains by REUTERS



By REUTERS


India’s Prime Minister Narendra Modi is increasing his focus on economic reforms including raising the cap on foreign investment in the insurance sector and changes to tax and labour rules that could accelerate recovery, but he faces stiff…


Published: November 20, 2014 at 11:05PM


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Thursday, November 20, 2014

Swift Gamma-Ray Burst Mission Marks Ten Years of Discovery


On Nov. 20, 2004, NASA’s Swift spacecraft lifted off aboard a Boeing Delta II rocket from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, Fla., beginning its mission to study gamma-ray bursts and identify their origins. Gamma-ray bursts are the most luminous explosions in the cosmos. Most are thought to be triggered when the core of a massive star runs out of nuclear fuel, collapses under its own weight, and forms a black hole. The black hole then drives jets of particles that drill all the way through the collapsing star and erupt into space at nearly the speed of light.

Astronomers at NASA and Pennsylvania State University used Swift to create the most detailed ultraviolet light surveys ever of the Large and Small Magellanic Clouds, the two closest major galaxies. Nearly a million ultraviolet sources appear in this mosaic of the Large Magellanic Cloud, which was assembled from 2,200 images taken by Swift’s Ultraviolet/Optical Telescope (UVOT) and released on June 3, 2013. The 160-megapixel image required a cumulative exposure of 5.4 days. The image includes light from 1,600 to 3,300 angstroms — UV wavelengths largely blocked by Earth’s atmosphere — and has an angular resolution of 2.5 arcseconds at full size. The Large Magellanic Cloud is about 14,000 light-years across.


Viewing in the ultraviolet allows astronomers to suppress the light of normal stars like the sun, which are not very bright at such higher energies, and provides a clearer picture of the hottest stars and star-formation regions. No telescope other than UVOT can produce such high-resolution wide-field multicolor surveys in the ultraviolet.


Pennsylvania State University manages the Swift Mission Operations Center, which controls Swift’s science and flight operations. Goddard manages Swift, which was launched in November 2004. The satellite is operated in collaboration with Penn State, the Los Alamos National Laboratory in New Mexico and Orbital Sciences Corp. in Dulles, Va. International collaborators are in the United Kingdom and Italy, and the mission includes contributions from Germany and Japan.


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Tuesday, November 18, 2014

Listening to Economic History for Today’s Policies

There is a relatively famous saying that goes along the lines of “those who forget history are doomed to repeat it”. While this saying can be applied to a number of different situations, it is especially relevant when talking about economic history and how to avoid the mistakes that led to massive depressions and the destruction of the national, and sometimes world, economy. History is frequently written by the winners and economic history faces the exact same problem. Frequently the creators of successful economic policies ignore anything other than what they accomplished when they explain how the economy turned around. All sides of the political spectrum fall into this trap and this makes it difficult, yet all the more important, to figure out what did and didn’t work while trying to reverse a country’s economic fortunes.


The most important thing when looking at economic history is the ability to read past all of the propaganda and see what actually worked and what actually failed. This can mean possibly ignoring your political beliefs and looking at how regulation and policies, world economics, and current events of the times all worked together to create an environment when specific actions lead to the desired outcomes. This can also mean looking through all of the partisan spin that infects our current writings on economic history and look through the ideology to see which policies actually helped and which were said to have helped but that, in reality, didn’t do all that much to change the course of history. While events and products might be different now, the past holds a wealth of information regarding how people react during times of crisis and how markets react during those times as well. History is cyclical and nothing really changes when you look closely.


If you’d like to read more, the link is here. Just remember to always look through the biases and get the actual messages.


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Brazil Ex-Billionaire on Trial for Insider Trading by THE ASSOCIATED PRESS



By THE ASSOCIATED PRESS


Eike Batista, the flamboyant Brazilian tycoon once named No. 7 on Forbes’ list of the world’s richest people, went on trial Tuesday in an insider trading case that could make him the first person in the country to go to prison on such charges.


Published: November 18, 2014 at 06:34AM


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Successful Flight Test of Shape Changing Wing Surface


NASA’s green aviation project is one step closer to developing technology that could make future airliners quieter and more fuel-efficient with the successful flight test of a wing surface that can change shape in flight.

This past summer, researchers replaced an airplane’s conventional aluminum flaps with advanced, shape-changing assemblies that form seamless bendable and twistable surfaces. Flight testing will determine whether flexible trailing-edge wing flaps are a viable approach to improve aerodynamic efficiency and reduce noise generated during takeoffs and landings.


For the initial Adaptive Compliant Trailing Edge (ACTE) flight, shown in this image, the experimental control surfaces were locked at a specified setting. Varied flap settings on subsequent tests will demonstrate the capability of the flexible surfaces under actual flight conditions.


ACTE technology is expected to have far-reaching effects on future aviation. Advanced lightweight materials will reduce wing structural weight and give engineers the ability to aerodynamically tailor the wings to promote improved fuel economy and more efficient operations, while reducing environmental impacts.


> More: NASA Tests Revolutionary Shape Changing Aircraft Flap for the First Time


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